Man Made Disaster
A disaster is a natural or man-made (or technological) hazard resulting in an event of substantial extent causing significant physical damage or destruction, loss of life, or drastic change to the environment.
Flood , Drought , Earth quake and Tsunmai can be listed as disaster in India , other include cyclone , Fire in forest, volcano but it’s rare in India.
Every country have a Disaster management to tackle such situation, so India also have it
But he specialty of Indian disaster management is :-
"Indian disaster management is itself a disaster in india so we need army to tacke the satiation"
The main prolbem is that We (India) do not learn from others ( World experience)
>> US start to destroying dams to save eco culture at same time we start to build dams
>>Japan start to shut down it’s nuclear power project , our government start to promote nuclear energy
>> Dozen of developed and small countries failed in biometric system like AADHAR , India start it
These are Generally call Natural disaster but I said it’s man made, following is the description of it :-
It’s well know fact that morden technology Degrade the environment , Green house gas is well know in Indian society , the ice will melt and sea level will increase due to this this is common and we all known this.
As Mahatma Gandhi famously pointed out : ‘there is enough to meet everyone’s need, but not the greed’.
But here I describe how the Dams,Mining , Under ground water pumping etc can create disaster :-
1.Flood :- There may be two reason for flood :-
(a) Excessive rain
(b) Failure of Dam
but the the Reservoir is itself enough to invite flood
In school , teacher taught to us that dam is all rounder , it’s good for fishing, farming, tourism ,flood control , power production “
But all this is half truth , if you see in larger picture than dam is no good for flood control and also not for fishing . Dams is good only for corporate.
But by building dam on river we interrupt both high and peak flow of river and result is :-
1.Drying up river
2. Flood disaster
A river has a natural low and high flow cycle.
The low flow maintains the ground water level which in turn maintains the river flow and sustains aquatic life.
In high flow (Generally call flood) River sediments get deposited in the river plains thus giving us fertile agricultural lands.
This high flow or Peak flow OR Flood is all “Annual flood” which is not genrally haphazard if there is no dam or reservoir on river,it’s always benefit to human.
By,construction reservoir we can get success to prevent small annual flood But this will lead to Flood disaster in furtture .
Dam also create Adverse effect on fishing :-
A dam acts as a barrier between the upstream and downstream movement . The water of a deep reservoir in temperate climates typically stratifies with a large volume of cold, oxygen poor water.
A fish need a diluted oxygen to survive but the reservoir contain less diluted oxygen so,fish can not survive
A huge number of fish killed y power turbines.
On downstream side situation –when the upstream water is released to maintain river flow, it can cause adverse impacts on the downstream ecosystem including fish populations.
"Indian disaster management is itself a disaster in india so we need army to tacke the satiation"
The main prolbem is that We (India) do not learn from others ( World experience)
>> US start to destroying dams to save eco culture at same time we start to build dams
>>Japan start to shut down it’s nuclear power project , our government start to promote nuclear energy
>> Dozen of developed and small countries failed in biometric system like AADHAR , India start it
These are Generally call Natural disaster but I said it’s man made, following is the description of it :-
It’s well know fact that morden technology Degrade the environment , Green house gas is well know in Indian society , the ice will melt and sea level will increase due to this this is common and we all known this.
As Mahatma Gandhi famously pointed out : ‘there is enough to meet everyone’s need, but not the greed’.
But here I describe how the Dams,Mining , Under ground water pumping etc can create disaster :-
1.Flood :- There may be two reason for flood :-
(a) Excessive rain
(b) Failure of Dam
but the the Reservoir is itself enough to invite flood
In school , teacher taught to us that dam is all rounder , it’s good for fishing, farming, tourism ,flood control , power production “
But all this is half truth , if you see in larger picture than dam is no good for flood control and also not for fishing . Dams is good only for corporate.
But by building dam on river we interrupt both high and peak flow of river and result is :-
1.Drying up river
2. Flood disaster
A river has a natural low and high flow cycle.
The low flow maintains the ground water level which in turn maintains the river flow and sustains aquatic life.
In high flow (Generally call flood) River sediments get deposited in the river plains thus giving us fertile agricultural lands.
This high flow or Peak flow OR Flood is all “Annual flood” which is not genrally haphazard if there is no dam or reservoir on river,it’s always benefit to human.
By,construction reservoir we can get success to prevent small annual flood But this will lead to Flood disaster in furtture .
Dam also create Adverse effect on fishing :-
A dam acts as a barrier between the upstream and downstream movement . The water of a deep reservoir in temperate climates typically stratifies with a large volume of cold, oxygen poor water.
A fish need a diluted oxygen to survive but the reservoir contain less diluted oxygen so,fish can not survive
A huge number of fish killed y power turbines.
On downstream side situation –when the upstream water is released to maintain river flow, it can cause adverse impacts on the downstream ecosystem including fish populations.
2.Drought :-
Drought is an extended period of months or years when a region notes a deficiency in its water supply whether surface or underground water.
Reason for Droughts in India :-
1.Dam
2.Mining
3. Ground water extraction
>> Dam :-
International experience :-
“What was the fourth biggest inland sea is now mostly desert. What appears to be snow on the seabed is really salt. The winds blow this as far as the Himalayas.”
Drought is an extended period of months or years when a region notes a deficiency in its water supply whether surface or underground water.
Reason for Droughts in India :-
1.Dam
2.Mining
3. Ground water extraction
>> Dam :-
International experience :-
“What was the fourth biggest inland sea is now mostly desert. What appears to be snow on the seabed is really salt. The winds blow this as far as the Himalayas.”
The Aral sea started drying up when almost 92% of
the waters of the Amu Darya and Syr Darya that feed into the sea were diverted
for irrigation, industrial and water supply. The disastrous consequences of this 1960s venture are:
o The area of the lake has been
reduced to almost half and its volume has reduced by 75%! More than 20,000
square kilometre of salty sea floor is exposed.
o The commercial fishery that
produced 40,000 tons of fishery has almost been eliminated.
o The land and water that
remains is heavily polluted by pesticides and has led to extreme health
problems like cancers, kidney and liver problems. The economic damage is
between $1.25-$2.5 billion a year
just for human health, tourism and agriculture.
Dam
is responsible for drought , as stated above in case of flood , dam stop the
flow of water in downstream side.
the reservoir water is use by power projects instead of irrigation and drinking.
let’s look at Maharastra drought :-
nearly all print+electronics media made a report with title : “Maharastra drought is man made”
Sanjay Kolhey, a farmer and member of the Kisan Ekta Manch said : “Imagine, half of India’s new power will be produced in the parched areas of Vidarbha”
Maharashtra is planning to generate 55,000 MW from Vidarbha’s 11 districts, for which the state government has sanctioned the diversion of 2,049.20 million cubic metres (MCM) of irrigation water per year. This water, according to Greenpeace estimate, can be used to irrigate 4,09,800 hectares of single-cropped arable land.
8,200 Farmers have committed suicide in the region since 2002
>>Mining:-
Bauxite mountain is the best friend of human being , bauxite is the best reservoir of rain water and this will hike the ground water level and can use this water in summer
Bauxite cappings maintain fertility over a wide surrounding area. Aluminium’s capacity for bonding with other elements
Without aluminium there would be no fertile earth’ , due to Al’s bonding with H2O, which is fundamental to the soil’s capacity to retain moisture.
>>Ground water extraction :-
Nearly a third of India is suffering from chronic water shortages, and making up for it with "the world's largest groundwater mining operation ~ National geography
the most seriously affected north-western states, recent satellite measurements indicate an average decline of 33 cm per year from 2002 to 2008.5 Local observations of annual water table decline exceeding 4 metres are common throughout India.
3.Earth quake :-
once Another the main reason for dam are
1.Dam
2.exoneration of ground water
>>Dam :-
Scientists have long argued that the weight of water reservoirs can cause seismic shifts that trigger tremors, also known as reservoir-induced seismicity. (The Hoover Dam in the US, the Koyna Dam in India, and the Katse Dam in Africa are notable examples.) I
"The most widely accepted explanation of how dams cause earthquakes is related to the extra water pressure created in the micro-cracks and fissures in the ground under and near a reservoir. When the pressure of the water in the rocks increases, it acts to lubricate faults which are already under tectonic strain, but are prevented from slipping by the friction of the rock surfaces."
>>Ground water extraction:-
Given that the faulting itself was tectonically driven, the pattern of unloading stress changes due to the anthropogenic groundwater changes coincides to a remarkable degree with the areas of significant seismic slip
this fact come out after the analysis of Spain earthquake 2011 :-
Between 1960 and 2010, the level of groundwater from this aquifer fell by at least 250 metres (812 feet), according to records from local wells.
A computer model put together by the team suggests what happens: lowering of the water table caused part of the crust, located next to the Alhama de Murcia (name of city) fault, to break.
This led to an “elastic rebound” of the crust that in turn cranked up horizontal pressure on the fault, bringing it that much closer to rupture.
The investigation adds to anecdotal evidence that human activities, ranging from exploration for shale gas, quarrying and even water reservoirs, can cause quakes.
4. Tsunami -
A tsunami is a series of water waves caused by the displacement of a large volume of a body of water, generally an ocean or a large lake
Mangrovescall best Tsunami barrier .
As well as acting as a barrier against tsunamis, cyclones and hurricanes, mangrove forests provide society with a range of other 'ecological services'. These include preventing coastal erosion, protecting coral reefs from silting up, and providing a source of timber, food and traditional medicines.
A
report published by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) suggests
that the tsunami of 26 December 2004 caused less damage in the areas where
natural barriers were present, such as mangroves, coral reefs or coastal
vegetation.
In the five countries most affected by the tsunami, human activities reduced the area of mangroves by 26 percent between 1980 and 2000.
How corporate degrade environment :-
Environmental panel report which was officially presented to environment minister Jayanthi Natarajan said :-
Seventy-five hectares of mangroves have been lost in Bocha Island, which was declared as a conservation zone. The company has not taken precautions to guard against blocking of creeks because of construction activities; satellite imagery shows signs of deterioration and loss of creeks near the proposed North Port,"
Conclusion :-
"Never try to change the nature else nature will change you "
In the five countries most affected by the tsunami, human activities reduced the area of mangroves by 26 percent between 1980 and 2000.
How corporate degrade environment :-
Environmental panel report which was officially presented to environment minister Jayanthi Natarajan said :-
Seventy-five hectares of mangroves have been lost in Bocha Island, which was declared as a conservation zone. The company has not taken precautions to guard against blocking of creeks because of construction activities; satellite imagery shows signs of deterioration and loss of creeks near the proposed North Port,"
Conclusion :-
"Never try to change the nature else nature will change you "
Comments
Post a Comment